文明传播视野下的汉代河西开发

作者： 刘俊玲   来源： 青海师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 河西   汉代   开发   文明  

描述： ral environments make the cultural dissemination possible. In archeological materials we can see plenty of Neolithic culture and Bronze culture,which may be nomads. Ywati, Wusun, Hun were lived here.Befor Han Dynastie ,the area was regarded as wild and woolly place.the Hun sprang up during Qin and Han Dynastie, Gansu Corridor became more and more imporant in military and politics affairs. After the establish of Western Han Dynasty ,the imperium rehabilitated for tens of years . Emperor han wudi change the plant to the Hun. I n the second year of yuanshou of Emperor han wudi(121BC),Huoqubing go on an expedition to Gansu Corridor,and wan,because the Hunye king killed the Xiutu king . The Hunye king surrenderred and leaded his man about 40000 .This is significant to the history of culture diaaemination. From then on,Han culture hold the dominant position in the war.The pattern of dissemination were war,politics and valueas.And the policy which Han made decision of the dissemination and the speed. After long time Interaction,the two change the hisroy of this area.Although some rejection and degradation happened,the new trail was certainty. Agricultural civilization took new tools to the area,and finally the Silk Road was freely.It made a contribution to culture dissemination.However,the aggressive e x p a n s i o n m a d e t h e immigrate and armies too huge,and led the crisis of ecologyand resource. Qiang civilians uprising during the Eastern Han Dynastie made the land desertificated. The process was not at one stroke,but a long time. Rely on force was to set up a unified ,multinational country.

全文：的,而是一个漫长的历史过程。汉代河西开发在很大程度上是靠武力来实现的,因此不免存在着代表先进生产力的强势民族对生产水平低下的弱势民族的压制,而总体上这种传播是文明的同化——一体化和统一的多民族国家的建构。

秦汉时期西部开发的地域差异与文化互动

作者： 邓燕平   来源： 江西师范大学 年份： 2007 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 秦汉时期   地域差异   西部开发   文化互动  

描述： 秦汉时期出于政治统治和军事防御的需要,对西部地区实施了大规模的开发举措。这也是我国历史上西部大开发的第一个黄金时期。由于自然环境、民族族属、生活方式和文化习俗的不同,西部地区可分为西北与西南两个不同的区域。由此导致秦汉政府对这两个区域的治理政策和开发措施的差异。在西北地区为了边防的需要,治理政策主要

全文：秦汉时期出于政治统治和军事防御的需要,对西部地区实施了大规模的开发举措。这也是我国历史上西部大开发的第一个黄金时期。由于自然环境、民族族属、生活方式和文化习俗的不同,西部地区可分为西北与西南两个不同

汉代西北民屯结构辨析

作者： 李古寅   来源： 社会科学 年份： 2016 文献类型 ： 期刊 关键词： 民屯   朔方郡   浑邪   内郡   张掖郡   居延汉简   批评指正   匈奴人   元狩   属国都尉  

描述： 汉代西北屯田包括军屯和民屯二者。现在中外学者对军屯研究比较深入,而民屯则有不少重要问题有待进一步钻研。一种普遍的看法认为在各级田官管理之下的屯民(徙民)是国家的佃客,租率为百分之五十左右。这种似乎

明清时期石羊河流域农业开发与环境变化研究

作者： 栾晓丽   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 石羊河流域   农业开发   明清时期   环境变化  

描述： In history;the central and local separatist all valued the development of this area. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the renewed fighting in the northwest, coupled with the rapid growth of the national population, In order to consolidating border defense and detenting Mainland population pressure,the land development of this area resumevted,which impacted histoy development of this area very profoundly Academic research in this area is more included in the academic research for the whole Hexi area or the entire northwest region, special articles in this area are also mainly concentrated in the lower reaches of Shiyang River, but these research the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river as a whole rarely,the connection among the three is.very close essentially.So this object has larger space to continue researching. This text includes introduction and body text.the introduction introduces the writing causes ,implication,and retrospects intellectual history, explains research objectives,Methods and important and difficult points of this object at the same time.The body text divides into six chapters.The first chapter analyzes the natural conditions and social infrastructure in this area.The second chapter mainly deals with immigration status which Ming and Qing government organize and encourage the population in the mainland move to this area,which provides manpower resources for agricultural development in this area,and this chapter discusses effectiveness of the immigration.The third chapter discusses construction of water conservancy which agricultural development requires,and summarizes pearls and pitfalls of water conservancy construction in this area during this period.The fourth chapter mainly deals with agricultural development in this area during the Ming and Qing dynasties,This chapter begin by the reasons for agricultural development and policies which the government urge and offer for, discusses region of agricultural development, reclamation success and evolution of tonden in this area during this time.The fifth chapter mainly discusses environmental problems that because of large-scale development in this period,and analyzes performance, hazard and measures that local people inoder to protecting the environment had taken.The sixth chapter summarizes experience and lessons those because of large-scale development in this period during this time,and explains inspiration for today's development. Research of this object is primarily based on literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and local records, and notes data that through field visits get, in order to make the discussion Speci.ficly and reasonably.

全文：位于河西走廊东部的石羊河流域是河西三大内陆河流域之一,其军事地理位置重要,历代中央王朝和割据于此的地方势力都十分重视对本区的开发。明清时期,随着西北战事再起,加上这一时期全国人口数量的急剧增长,为了

汉代西北屯田问题探析

作者： 牟雪松   来源： 青海师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 西北地区   汉代   屯田  

描述： governors of HAN Dynasty. The policy was carried out in most area of the west and the north. In DONGHAN Dynasty, it also appeared in the inner area. The thesis is to tell opening up wasteland and analyses the origin and features of opening up wasteland to get the conclusion: Opening up wasteland in ancient times began in War times and was developed fully in HAN Dynasty. Opening up wasteland in northwest area of HAN Dynasty was only a comprehensive policy to defend the country, including the content of politics 、 military and economy. It was t not for the people but for the country. The policy was spread and lasted for a long time. In economy, it promoted the development of agricultural economy in northwest area by bringing new tools and ways of farming, which also joined the relationship between the central area and the northwest. In politics, it laid a solid foundation for the unity of northwest area and the victory against HUN. In culture, it advanced the communication and joint among different races. Meanwhile, it was a base for opening up wasteland by troops and common people in Cao Wei period.

全文：汉代西北地区的屯田,是汉朝统治者为了经略西北边疆而实行的一种重要举措,主要分布在朔方、河西、西域以及河湟、陇西地区,在东汉时还发展到了内郡。本文通过对汉代西北地区屯田概况的梳理,以及对屯田的起源

第九节 明代的开发

作者： 暂无 年份： 2017 文献类型 ： 地方志

描述： 第九节 明代的开发

20世纪20-40年代西北灾荒研究

作者： 温艳   来源： 西北大学 年份： 2005 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 20世纪20   救灾   西北地区   灾荒   40年代  

描述： 20世纪20—40年代是民国成立以来西北地区灾荒发生最频繁、最惨烈的时期,几乎无年不灾,无时不灾、无处不灾。各种自然灾害连续并交叉发生,形成灾害链;水旱等灾害呈现出与邻近省份的相同性。从整体上看

全文：20世纪20—40年代是民国成立以来西北地区灾荒发生最频繁、最惨烈的时期,几乎无年不灾,无时不灾、无处不灾。各种自然灾害连续并交叉发生,形成灾害链;水旱等灾害呈现出与邻近省份的相同性。从整体上看

西北旱区农业水土资源利用分区及其匹配特征研究

作者： 耿庆玲   来源： 中国科学院研究生院（教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心） 年份： 2014 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 西北旱区   干湿气候   分区指标   农业水土资源   匹配  

描述： 水土资源是农业生产的核心资源，也是粮食生产的战略资源,其态势关系到我国粮食生产的安全性和稳定性。近年来，我国由人口增长和经济发展带来的水土资源需求与其本身的稀缺性、有限性之间的矛盾越来越大，使得水土资源管理成为全世界关注的对象和焦点问题，尤其对于水土资源利用问题较为严重的干旱地区更是受到国内外学者的

全文：水土资源有效匹配的途径和措施，从而为农业水土资源管理方案和高效利用模式的制定提供理论基础。主要的研究内容及结论如下： （1）对西北旱区的地理范围进行了重新界定。 基于以往西北旱区地理范围研究中的缺陷问题

明清时期西北地区农业灾害研究

作者： 彭莉   来源： 西北农林科技大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 明清时期西北地区   自然灾害   农业   农村   农民  

描述： cultivation development process to be especialty difficult, frequent occurrence of multiple disasters, the development of the Northwest Territories are important constraints, the reduction of agricultural land, agriculture, the substantial loss of population, agriculture, infrastructure damage, agricultural ecological environment and the poor. Based on this, the north-west areas of the process of agricultural drought introduced varieties, select a variety of agricultural disaster mitigation technology. In this paper, the Northwest Territories to explore the Ming and Qing Dynasties of natural disasters on agricultural production hazards, damage the rural economy and livelihood of the affected farmers. By the six parts.

全文：明清时期西北地区农业灾害严重,频繁发生的多种灾害是西北地区发展重要的制约因素,农业耕地的减少、农业人口的大量流失、农业设施的破坏、农业生态环境的恶化等。基于此,西北地区开展农耕的过程中引进了抗旱品种

西北内陆旱区经济作物节水响应机理及灌溉制度优化模拟研究

作者： 郑建华   来源： 中国农业大学 年份： 2014 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 土壤水分   作物生长   调亏灌溉   膜下滴灌   洋葱   作物产量  

描述： 水资源短缺和生态环境恶化已成为西北内陆旱区农业可持续发展的制约因素。近年来,压缩高耗水作物、增加节水型经济作物种植比例已成为该地区缓解水资源供需矛盾、促进农民增收的重要举措。因此,研究西北内陆旱区经济作物的节水响应机理,并建立水分高效利用的灌溉制度对促进当地水资源可持续利用、保障生态安全和农业可持续

全文：水资源短缺和生态环境恶化已成为西北内陆旱区农业可持续发展的制约因素。近年来,压缩高耗水作物、增加节水型经济作物种植比例已成为该地区缓解水资源供需矛盾、促进农民增收的重要举措。因此,研究西北内陆旱区