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唐代前期河西州县城城防研究
作者: 张向红   来源: 西北师范大学 年份: 2010 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 河西州县城   唐代前期   城防  
描述: ch as the important town of the Silk Road, multi-ethnic coexistence and the border district administrative center. In order to ensure normal exchange between the East and the West, frequent contact among ethnicities, and effective administration in He-xi area, it was extremely essential to establish city defense. Therefore, the Tang government built the city defense system that was mainly military defense and based on social balance. Mainly included the screen protective system of Army, Shouzhuo, City, Town, Shu, etc., which had some focal point and very wide and located out of the cities; Three layers external protective system that was composed of a deep ditch to round every city, sheep and horses cities, city wall; Multiple structure system such Luo city(outer city), Zi city(inner city), fang(residential area), Shi(markets), and so on; Garrison inside cities and out of locality system; Feng, Yi and other information systems; General's office person of ability system; Warehouse reserve and social balance system. Because of the important geographical position strategic and the special social security problem, the He-xi Prefecture and county city defense had formed Trinity characteristic with the national defense and the security defense. The city defense soldiers had a hand in Tuntian to bring about He-xi area’s agricultural advance; A large number of people of city defense formed the consumer market, had promoted the prosperity of the commerce; The city defense ensured traffic and military assistance, made He-xi Prefecture and county cities become the rear base to administer Central Asia. However, the city defense had its limitation, such as impotent military might at times (it offered an opportunity of Tibetan expanded in north-west area), because of the condition between the country and the locality. It, to a certain extent, had influenced on the valid function of city defense.
全文:唐代前期,在西北地区特殊的社会环境下,河西州县城体现出丝路重镇、多民族共处地、边地行政中心等诸多特征。为保证东西方正常交流、多民族之间的频繁交往以及在河西地区的有效统治,城防之设极为必要。因此,
唐朝前期农业经济伦理思想探析
作者: 刘珊珊   来源: 重庆师范大学 年份: 2009 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 农业   经济伦理   民为邦本   唐前期   公平   人与自然  
描述: Tang Dynasty, the further development period of the Chinese feudal society, was known as the age of feudal society by the historian.
全文:、商品经济、宗教等方面的研究,对前期更是以政治居多,从伦理学角度研究唐代前期经济、尤其是农业经济的成果为数甚少,这就为本文的研究留下了一定的空间。本文对前期农业经济伦理的考察主要从以下几个方面入手
陆龟蒙《耒耜经》注释
作者: 阎文儒   阎万石   来源: 中国历史博物馆馆刊 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 江湖散人   乾符   笠泽丛书   耒耜经   田器   甫里先生   鲁望   曲辕犁   天随子   隐逸传  
描述: 《耒耜经》,陆龟蒙(?——约公元881年)撰。龟蒙字鲁望,自号江湖散人,又号天随子,亦称甫里先生。姑苏(今江苏苏州)人,曾任苏湖二郡从事。后“隐居田间,身畚锸,茠刺无休时”(《新唐书·隐逸传》),对晚唐农具有所了解。“自乾符
18—20世纪前期鄂尔多斯农牧交错区域研究
作者: 哈斯巴根   来源: 内蒙古大学 年份: 2005 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 农牧交错   区域社会史   18   鄂尔多斯   移民   20世纪前期   准噶尔旗  
描述: 20世纪,清代蒙古史和近代内蒙古地区史的研究取得了令人瞩目的成绩。但18-20世纪前期蒙古史、内蒙古区域社会史和移民史领域的研究尚为薄弱,有许多问题还须深入研究和解决。18—20世纪前期是内地汉族
全文:20世纪,清代蒙古史和近代内蒙古地区史的研究取得了令人瞩目的成绩。但18-20世纪前期蒙古史、内蒙古区域社会史和移民史领域的研究尚为薄弱,有许多问题还须深入研究和解决。18—20世纪前期是内地汉族
从敦煌文书看唐代前期的和籴制度
作者: 杨际平   来源: 中国社会经济史研究 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 军仓   收附   北庭都护府   户部郎中   贰分   唐代前期   敦煌文书   唐开元   当时当地   实施状况  
描述: 和籴是唐代政府征集粮食的一种重要手段,与当时的国计民生,有着相当密切的关系.关于唐代前期和籴的性质和作用,史学界的意见很不一致,或认为是建立在政府强制农民基础上的一种变相赋税;或认为是政府和农民在
北宋屯田刍论
作者: 左超能   来源: 河池师专学报(社会科学版) 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 厢军   提点   太平兴国   真宗   赵宋   田制不立   厢兵   镇戍军   何承矩   元丰二年  
描述: 史学界凡研究中国古代封建屯田制度,多言刘汉、曹魏、李和朱明清朝,绝少注意赵宋时期。本文就北来前期的电田,从其产生的原因。状况、制度、性质及后果作出了初步的探讨,这对我们全面地认识或评价中国封建社会的屯田制度,是非常有意义的。
前期的灾况、灾蠲与灾赈
作者: 李向军   来源: 中国经济史研究 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 清前期   万两   雍正朝   无年   土地荒芜   历代统治者   康熙朝   乾隆朝   荒政   道光朝  
描述: 灾荒是制约中国古代农业经济兴衰的重要因素。中国灾荒之多,举世罕见。据文献记载,几乎无年不灾。中国的小农自古以来与自然灾害进行了顽强的抗争,但个体小生产者在灾荒面前总是显得力不从心,束手无策。千百年来,土地荒芜,人口死亡,社会动荡,往往是大灾之后的必然结局。为了维持国家的稳定,恢复社会生产,需要建立起相应的社会保障机制。中国古代荒政就是适应这一社会发展的要求而产生、发展并日臻完善的。荒政曾是历代统治者稳定社会、维持社会再生产正常进行的重要手段,其社会作用在封
河西乡土小说对农耕文化的诠释——以雪漠、王新军、达天的乡土小说为例
作者: 刘朝霞   来源: 河西学院学报 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 乡土小说   家庭本位   农耕文化   农本意识  
描述: 甘肃河西地区文化具有多元性,但主导文化仍然是农耕文化。忠顺孝悌、仁爱互助等农耕文化的价值观念对雪漠等河西作家有着深厚的影响,作家通过创作思考农耕文化对农民的影响,具体可归纳为对人与自然和谐共处的追求、对家庭本位意识的审视、对农本意识现代化的思考三个方面。
展示与销售 ——民国前期美术展览的文化性与市场性研究(1912-1937)
作者: 郭淑敏   来源: 中央美术学院 年份: 2009 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 文化   市场   销售   美术展览   展示  
描述: 美术展览自近代由西方引入国内后,逐渐成为美术作品向公众展示的主流形式。它的基本操作方式是,在美术作品公开展示的同时,兼有画作的市场销售。这样,不仅促进近现代美术的交流传播,也成为促进美术作品市场流通的重要途径。美术展览的“展示”与“销售”兼举的操作方式,决定其“文化性”与“市场性”的双重属性。它在中
全文:美术展览自近代由西方引入国内后,逐渐成为美术作品向公众展示的主流形式。它的基本操作方式是,在美术作品公开展示的同时,兼有画作的市场销售。这样,不仅促进近现代美术的交流传播,也成为促进美术作品市场流通的重要途径。美术展览的“展示”与“销售”兼举的操作方式,决定其“文化性”与“市场性”的双重属性。它在中国近现代美术转型过程中,扮演着独特的角色,发挥了重要的作用。 本文以民国时期(1912-1937)的美术展览活动为研究对象,搜集整理本研究领域原始资料,借鉴当前学术界对本课题研究范畴的学术成果,详尽描述了民国时期美术展览的“展示与销售并举,文化与市场并重”这一独特文化现象,分析其对在中国近现代美术传播,艺术市场培育,乃至对绘画风格演变所产生的深远影响。力图从文化、市场不同的角度,阐述美术展览对于中国美术现代转型过程的学术价值和历史意义。
唐代西北地区政治地理格局变动研究
作者: 魏昀   来源: 陕西师范大学 年份: 2009 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 唐朝   疆域   羁縻府州   屯田   交通  
描述: th about three of culture and materials the country's territory changed a lot. The country's territory was in an extending period before and the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and once extended to the Central Asia area.At the same time, the Tang government founded the Ji-Mi-Fu-Zhou system in the Western Regions. The situation changed rapidly when the An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out. Then the central government mobilized the troops in the Western Regions to participating in putting down the Rebellion, so the border defence was weakened. Tu-bo took the chance to occupy a large amount of territory. Almost Long You Area was oppupied by Tu-bo later in Tang Dynasty. The thesis is divided into five chapters: political geography circumstance in northwest area in early Tang Dynasty,including the situation of physical geography and the nation regime; the political geography situation in the extending period of territory from Tai Zong to Gao Zong;the political geography situation in the stable period of territory from Wu-zhou era to An-Shi Armed Rebellion;the political geography situation in the shrinking period of territory after An-Shi Armed Rebellion;relationship between the change of political geography situation and economy and traffic. Conclusion: From A.D. 7th to 9th century,Asia-Erope Continent was a place where Tang, Da-shi and Tu-bo contended for political space. The country's power of politics, economy and military strengthened before An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and part of the Central Asia area belonged to Tang government. The territory reached to an unparalleled scale at that time, which can be divided into three parts: the capital area where Chang-an and Luoyang were located in was the empire's center of politics, culture and military; the Zheng-zhou that around the captals was where the finance of central government stemmed from; the Ji-mi-fu-zhou system Tang government founded in the frontier area was the military buffer zone with nation regimes in vicnity. At the same time, Tu-bo appeared in the stage of history in A.D 7th century. After the King Song-zan-gan-bu unified the Tibet plateau, Tu-bo's power strengthed rapidly and harassed Tang's frontiers inceasingly. The Tang government put the defense police actively into effect so as to resist Tu-bo's aggression and defend country's benefit in Long-you area. When An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out, Tu-bo took the chance to occupy vast territory of Tang Dynasty, like Minzhou, Lanzhou, Kuozhou, Guazhou, and so on. Eventually, almost all Long-you areas belonging to Tang Dynasty was occupid by Tu-bo. In the field of geopolitics, the national power strengthened in the earlier stage of Tang Dynasty and stronger than Tu-bo. Tu-bo didn't have the strength contending with Tang Dynasty, even harassed the frontier once a while. Until the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, the Tang government had no more advantage and the national power was weakened.
全文:唐代是中国历史上的鼎盛王朝之一。唐王朝近三百年历史,在创造了无与伦比的物质和精神文明的同时,国家的疆域也发生了剧烈变化。以安史之乱为界,前期,国家的疆域处于一个不断扩展的时期,唐王朝的势力范围
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