清代甘肃黄土高原的土地利用

作者： 刘维   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 清代   农业技术   土地制度   甘肃黄土高原   土地资源  

描述： ainly chooses three aspects, the quantity and quality of farmland, the land system and agricultural technology, to analysis the fact that the land system, the land utilization patterns and the selection of agricultural technology are constrained by natural environment and land resources, accordingly reveal the main-land relationship which is influenced by natural environment. The thesis is composed of four parts.

全文：出现骤减的现象,后来在经济恢复政策的引导下,光绪时期又有所回升。然后,对人口与土地结构进行了分析,得出结论:嘉庆末年该区的人口和耕地数都发展到一个新的高峰,人稠地狭的矛盾极为突出;光绪时期的土地数

清代甘肃黄土高原的土地利用

作者： 刘维   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 清代   农业技术   土地制度   甘肃黄土高原   土地资源  

描述： ainly chooses three aspects, the quantity and quality of farmland, the land system and agricultural technology, to analysis the fact that the land system, the land utilization patterns and the selection of agricultural technology are constrained by natural environment and land resources, accordingly reveal the main-land relationship which is influenced by natural environment. The thesis is composed of four parts.

全文：出现骤减的现象,后来在经济恢复政策的引导下,光绪时期又有所回升。然后,对人口与土地结构进行了分析,得出结论:嘉庆末年该区的人口和耕地数都发展到一个新的高峰,人稠地狭的矛盾极为突出;光绪时期的土地数

灾害与应对

作者： 张健   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 安康地区   清代   自然灾害   应对措施  

描述： significance.

全文：较前期多,且涉及区域广,灾害的影响也较重。从灾情和致灾原因上说,清代安康地区水灾频频发生,严重危害了人民的生命和财产安全,主要表现为粮食减产与绝产、道路冲毁、田庐漂没、人口损减、环境问题和环境灾害凸显

清代陕北饮食文化探微

作者： 高媛   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 物产资源   清代陕北地区   饮食文化  

描述： Diet is playing a foundamental role in the development of human beings, and only with it can human's existence and growth move on.

全文：陕北地区的自然条件,并指出在这块贫瘠的土地上,其物产之丰富性远不如沃野之地,分析了陕北自然地理环境与饮食之间的关系。 第二章主要从清代陕北地区的人口与屯垦、粮食作物及其生产、饮食资源及其分布三方面论述

清至民国时期（1644-1949）甘肃地区的旱灾与社会应对研究

作者： 魏光   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2014 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 旱灾   民国   清代   甘肃   民间力量   政府救灾  

描述： 清至民国时期,甘肃地区的旱灾十分频繁,给当地人民的生产与生活造成了极大影响。近年来,甘肃地区更是旱情严重,防旱、抗旱事业日渐成为关系甘肃民生的头等大事。研究清至民国时期甘肃地区的旱灾,总结旱灾的分布规律、分析旱灾的社会影响、探讨当时社会的救灾机制,可以为当前甘肃乃至全国的抗旱事业提供十分重要的参考价

全文：从备灾、临灾赈济、灾后补救三个方面展开论述。仓储是备灾措施的重要代表,仓储的完备与否直接决定着备灾的成败。临灾赈济这一节主要是从粮食赈济、钱币赈济、以工代赈这三个方面展开的具体论述,并将其融入到当时

明清时期石羊河流域农业开发与环境变化研究

作者： 栾晓丽   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 石羊河流域   农业开发   明清时期   环境变化  

描述： In history;the central and local separatist all valued the development of this area. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the renewed fighting in the northwest, coupled with the rapid growth of the national population, In order to consolidating border defense and detenting Mainland population pressure,the land development of this area resumevted,which impacted histoy development of this area very profoundly Academic research in this area is more included in the academic research for the whole Hexi area or the entire northwest region, special articles in this area are also mainly concentrated in the lower reaches of Shiyang River, but these research the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river as a whole rarely,the connection among the three is.very close essentially.So this object has larger space to continue researching. This text includes introduction and body text.the introduction introduces the writing causes ,implication,and retrospects intellectual history, explains research objectives,Methods and important and difficult points of this object at the same time.The body text divides into six chapters.The first chapter analyzes the natural conditions and social infrastructure in this area.The second chapter mainly deals with immigration status which Ming and Qing government organize and encourage the population in the mainland move to this area,which provides manpower resources for agricultural development in this area,and this chapter discusses effectiveness of the immigration.The third chapter discusses construction of water conservancy which agricultural development requires,and summarizes pearls and pitfalls of water conservancy construction in this area during this period.The fourth chapter mainly deals with agricultural development in this area during the Ming and Qing dynasties,This chapter begin by the reasons for agricultural development and policies which the government urge and offer for, discusses region of agricultural development, reclamation success and evolution of tonden in this area during this time.The fifth chapter mainly discusses environmental problems that because of large-scale development in this period,and analyzes performance, hazard and measures that local people inoder to protecting the environment had taken.The sixth chapter summarizes experience and lessons those because of large-scale development in this period during this time,and explains inspiration for today's development. Research of this object is primarily based on literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and local records, and notes data that through field visits get, in order to make the discussion Speci.ficly and reasonably.

全文：农业开发的督促、优惠政策等入手,探讨了这一时期本区的农业开发区域及垦殖成效和当地屯田的演变发展等问题。第五章主要论述了因这一时期大规模开发而带来的环境问题,探讨了环境问题的表现及危害,并探讨

唐代西北地区政治地理格局变动研究

作者： 魏昀   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 唐朝   疆域   羁縻府州   屯田   交通  

描述： th about three of culture and materials the country's territory changed a lot. The country's territory was in an extending period before and the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and once extended to the Central Asia area.At the same time, the Tang government founded the Ji-Mi-Fu-Zhou system in the Western Regions. The situation changed rapidly when the An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out. Then the central government mobilized the troops in the Western Regions to participating in putting down the Rebellion, so the border defence was weakened. Tu-bo took the chance to occupy a large amount of territory. Almost Long You Area was oppupied by Tu-bo later in Tang Dynasty. The thesis is divided into five chapters: political geography circumstance in northwest area in early Tang Dynasty，including the situation of physical geography and the nation regime; the political geography situation in the extending period of territory from Tai Zong to Gao Zong;the political geography situation in the stable period of territory from Wu-zhou era to An-Shi Armed Rebellion;the political geography situation in the shrinking period of territory after An-Shi Armed Rebellion;relationship between the change of political geography situation and economy and traffic. Conclusion: From A.D. 7th to 9th century，Asia-Erope Continent was a place where Tang, Da-shi and Tu-bo contended for political space. The country's power of politics, economy and military strengthened before An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and part of the Central Asia area belonged to Tang government. The territory reached to an unparalleled scale at that time, which can be divided into three parts: the capital area where Chang-an and Luoyang were located in was the empire's center of politics, culture and military; the Zheng-zhou that around the captals was where the finance of central government stemmed from; the Ji-mi-fu-zhou system Tang government founded in the frontier area was the military buffer zone with nation regimes in vicnity. At the same time, Tu-bo appeared in the stage of history in A.D 7th century. After the King Song-zan-gan-bu unified the Tibet plateau, Tu-bo's power strengthed rapidly and harassed Tang's frontiers inceasingly. The Tang government put the defense police actively into effect so as to resist Tu-bo's aggression and defend country's benefit in Long-you area. When An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out, Tu-bo took the chance to occupy vast territory of Tang Dynasty, like Minzhou, Lanzhou, Kuozhou, Guazhou, and so on. Eventually, almost all Long-you areas belonging to Tang Dynasty was occupid by Tu-bo. In the field of geopolitics, the national power strengthened in the earlier stage of Tang Dynasty and stronger than Tu-bo. Tu-bo didn't have the strength contending with Tang Dynasty, even harassed the frontier once a while. Until the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, the Tang government had no more advantage and the national power was weakened.

全文：。吐蕃崛起并不断侵扰唐朝,为抵御侵略,维护陇右河西地区的安定,唐朝实行了积极的防御政策,有效的阻止了吐蕃的不断进攻。安史之乱爆发后,唐政府抽调安西兵力前往内地平叛,造成边备空虚。吐蕃先后攻陷了岷、兰

隋唐时期青海草原战争与生态环境研究

作者： 来霞霞   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 生态环境   吐谷浑   吐蕃   青海草原  

描述： t Territories distributed a few mature Minority forces,for example: TuYuhun, Tibet, Party items.

全文：破坏性的。我们可以从军事活动和生态环境的互动关系进一步理解马克思主义关于异化的学说。 历史时期西部大开发与生态环境变化的关系研究,启发我们在今后制定开发政策时,一定要考虑当地的生态环境变化特征,顺应环境

清末民初关中地区的农田水利纠纷及其解决途径

作者： 赵淑清   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 清末民初   关中地区   解决途径   农田水利纠纷   特征  

描述： society. The central Shaanxi Province lies in the northwest inner-land, lacking in water resources. Although there have been major farmland irrigation projects and perfect management system in the Qin and Han Dynasty, the times of the Sui and Tang Dynasty, the situation of water depletion could not be changed radically.

全文：,总结出了纠纷发生的直接原因与当时的年降水量、农作物的种类、农田水利灌溉工程的分布等有直接的关系;深层原因与当时政府的政策、过渡时期的用水制度以及传统的、不科学的耕作技术和灌溉技术有关。第四部

隋唐时期青海草原战争与生态环境研究

作者： 来霞霞   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 生态环境   吐谷浑   吐蕃   青海草原  

描述： t Territories distributed a few mature Minority forces,for example: TuYuhun, Tibet, Party items.

全文：破坏性的。我们可以从军事活动和生态环境的互动关系进一步理解马克思主义关于异化的学说。 历史时期西部大开发与生态环境变化的关系研究,启发我们在今后制定开发政策时,一定要考虑当地的生态环境变化特征,顺应环境