20世纪20年代甘肃灾荒救济

作者： 付春锋   来源： 兰州大学 年份： 2006 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 政府   救济   甘肃   灾荒   民间力量  

描述： 民国时期甘肃灾荒频发,特别是20年代最为严重,造成了庞大的灾民群体,甚至导致社会秩序失调。由于20年代前期甘肃政治局势混乱,以至于作为灾荒救济主体的政府没有发挥其应有的作用,而来自民间的救济成为主要力量,在一定程度上缓解了灾民的苦难。国民军入甘后,对地方控制力逐步增强,加大了对灾荒救济的力度;同时,

全文：民国时期甘肃灾荒频发,特别是20年代最为严重,造成了庞大的灾民群体,甚至导致社会秩序失调。由于20年代前期甘肃政治局势混乱,以至于作为灾荒救济主体的政府没有发挥其应有的作用,而来自民间的救济成为

晚清政府的劳动力就业政策

作者： 谢飞   来源： 郑州大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 就业   实业教育   移民实边   晚清政府  

描述： reme ruler of the country' s attention, the late Qing government is no exception

全文：无业劳动力的就业,关系到国家的稳定和社会的和谐,历来受到国家最高统治者的重视,晚清政府也不例外。鸦片战争后,中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会。西方用坚船利炮打开了中国的大门,中国成为他们世界市场

抗战时期国民政府粮食征收述论

作者： 陈丹丹   来源： 湘潭大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 粮食征收   抗日战争   田赋征实   国民政府  

描述： t of the

全文：抗战全面爆发后,随着国土的大片沦丧,尤其是东北产粮区和东南沿海财政主要来源地的丧失,国民政府危机四伏,除军事压力外,粮食危机和财政形势尤为严峻。特别是抗日战争进入相持阶段,关乎民众和部队生计的问题

唐代西北地区政治地理格局变动研究

作者： 魏昀   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2009 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 唐朝   疆域   羁縻府州   屯田   交通  

描述： th about three of culture and materials the country's territory changed a lot. The country's territory was in an extending period before and the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and once extended to the Central Asia area.At the same time, the Tang government founded the Ji-Mi-Fu-Zhou system in the Western Regions. The situation changed rapidly when the An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out. Then the central government mobilized the troops in the Western Regions to participating in putting down the Rebellion, so the border defence was weakened. Tu-bo took the chance to occupy a large amount of territory. Almost Long You Area was oppupied by Tu-bo later in Tang Dynasty. The thesis is divided into five chapters: political geography circumstance in northwest area in early Tang Dynasty，including the situation of physical geography and the nation regime; the political geography situation in the extending period of territory from Tai Zong to Gao Zong;the political geography situation in the stable period of territory from Wu-zhou era to An-Shi Armed Rebellion;the political geography situation in the shrinking period of territory after An-Shi Armed Rebellion;relationship between the change of political geography situation and economy and traffic. Conclusion: From A.D. 7th to 9th century，Asia-Erope Continent was a place where Tang, Da-shi and Tu-bo contended for political space. The country's power of politics, economy and military strengthened before An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and part of the Central Asia area belonged to Tang government. The territory reached to an unparalleled scale at that time, which can be divided into three parts: the capital area where Chang-an and Luoyang were located in was the empire's center of politics, culture and military; the Zheng-zhou that around the captals was where the finance of central government stemmed from; the Ji-mi-fu-zhou system Tang government founded in the frontier area was the military buffer zone with nation regimes in vicnity. At the same time, Tu-bo appeared in the stage of history in A.D 7th century. After the King Song-zan-gan-bu unified the Tibet plateau, Tu-bo's power strengthed rapidly and harassed Tang's frontiers inceasingly. The Tang government put the defense police actively into effect so as to resist Tu-bo's aggression and defend country's benefit in Long-you area. When An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out, Tu-bo took the chance to occupy vast territory of Tang Dynasty, like Minzhou, Lanzhou, Kuozhou, Guazhou, and so on. Eventually, almost all Long-you areas belonging to Tang Dynasty was occupid by Tu-bo. In the field of geopolitics, the national power strengthened in the earlier stage of Tang Dynasty and stronger than Tu-bo. Tu-bo didn't have the strength contending with Tang Dynasty, even harassed the frontier once a while. Until the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, the Tang government had no more advantage and the national power was weakened.

全文：曾一度到达今天的中亚地区,并在那里建立了羁縻府州体系,国家疆域的范围达到了空前规模。随着安史之乱的爆发,形势急转,中央政府抽调边兵前往内地参与平叛。吐蕃势力趁唐朝西北边备空虚之际,不断蚕食唐土。唐军虽然

唐代粮仓管理制度研究

作者： 袁雅芝   来源： 河北师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 管理制度   使职   唐代   粮仓   监督  

描述： r it Taicang, military warehouses, transhipment warehouse, warehouse, etc. If these granaries from the management

全文：唐代粮仓按照仓谷来源可以分为正仓、义仓、常平仓,同时唐政府为了某种特定需要又设置了太仓、军仓、转运仓、神仓等。这些粮仓若从管理部门的角度来说又可以分为两种,即由中央直接管理的粮仓和由地方管理、中央

唐五代敦煌地区的园圃种植

作者： 朱书玉   年份： 2007 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 出土文书   唐五代   敦煌   园圃  

描述： 本文通过对敦煌文书和吐鲁番文书中保存的古代园圃种植资料比较全面、系统的整理，结合传世文献和部分考古材料中的有关园圃资料记载，从唐以前社会园圃种植进行回顾着手，重点对唐五代敦煌地区园圃种植的种类、管理方法、经营类型、劳动力身份等情况进行了初步的分析探讨。 关于敦煌园圃种植的条件，首先分析了敦煌地区的地

全文：本文通过对敦煌文书和吐鲁番文书中保存的古代园圃种植资料比较全面、系统的整理，结合传世文献和部分考古材料中的有关园圃资料记载，从唐以前社会园圃种植进行回顾着手，重点对唐五代敦煌地区园圃种植的种类

唐代前期河西州县城城防研究

作者： 张向红   来源： 西北师范大学 年份： 2010 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 河西州县城   唐代前期   城防  

描述： ch as the important town of the Silk Road, multi-ethnic coexistence and the border district administrative center. In order to ensure normal exchange between the East and the West, frequent contact among ethnicities, and effective administration in He-xi area, it was extremely essential to establish city defense. Therefore, the Tang government built the city defense system that was mainly military defense and based on social balance. Mainly included the screen protective system of Army, Shouzhuo, City, Town, Shu, etc., which had some focal point and very wide and located out of the cities; Three layers external protective system that was composed of a deep ditch to round every city, sheep and horses cities, city wall; Multiple structure system such Luo city(outer city), Zi city(inner city), fang(residential area), Shi(markets), and so on; Garrison inside cities and out of locality system; Feng, Yi and other information systems; General's office person of ability system; Warehouse reserve and social balance system. Because of the important geographical position strategic and the special social security problem, the He-xi Prefecture and county city defense had formed Trinity characteristic with the national defense and the security defense. The city defense soldiers had a hand in Tuntian to bring about He-xi area’s agricultural advance; A large number of people of city defense formed the consumer market, had promoted the prosperity of the commerce; The city defense ensured traffic and military assistance, made He-xi Prefecture and county cities become the rear base to administer Central Asia. However, the city defense had its limitation, such as impotent military might at times (it offered an opportunity of Tibetan expanded in north-west area), because of the condition between the country and the locality. It, to a certain extent, had influenced on the valid function of city defense.

全文：唐代前期,在西北地区特殊的社会环境下,河西州县城体现出丝路重镇、多民族共处地、边地行政中心等诸多特征。为保证东西方正常交流、多民族之间的频繁交往以及唐在河西地区的有效统治,城防之设极为必要。因此,唐

华县皮影的艺术精神

作者： 黄雪   来源： 西安美术学院 年份： 2005 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 审美心理   华县皮影   民间艺术   民俗   图腾   巫术  

描述： 皮影戏起源于唐、五代,繁荣于宋、元、明、清,至今已有一千多年的历史。它与其它民间艺术一样,在形成之初就和巫术、宗教、民俗结合在一起。探寻它的精神发端、审美主体的审美心态和审美造型心理机能,必须要结合民俗学、宗教学、心理学甚至中国本原哲学的思想体系才能把握。华县皮影与全国其他各派系皮影相比较,无论雕刻

全文：皮影戏起源于唐、五代,繁荣于宋、元、明、清,至今已有一千多年的历史。它与其它民间艺术一样,在形成之初就和巫术、宗教、民俗结合在一起。探寻它的精神发端、审美主体的审美心态和审美造型心理机能,必须要结合

汉代农业生产管理研究

作者： 黄富成   来源： 南京农业大学 年份： 2007 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 农耕文明   小农经济   农业技术   汉代   农业生产   政府管理  

描述： 农业是自然再生产和社会再生产的统一，是社会经济的基础，是整个古代世界具有决定性的生产部门。两汉时期，为巩固集权统治地位，政府加强了对社会经济干预的程度，农业生产和发展的各种资源性要素，如土地配置

全文：农业是自然再生产和社会再生产的统一，是社会经济的基础，是整个古代世界具有决定性的生产部门。两汉时期，为巩固集权统治地位，政府加强了对社会经济干预的程度，农业生产和发展的各种资源性要素，如土地配置

秦石鼓文与渔猎文化研究

作者： 李向阳   来源： 陕西师范大学 年份： 2007 文献类型 ： 学位论文 关键词： 石鼓文   渔猎研究   秦  

描述： 石鼓文自唐初出世以来迄今将近1400年。在这期间，因为石鼓文的残泐导致关于石鼓文的归属、时代及内容的争论也从来没有停止过。即使到了民国时期的马衡、罗振玉、郭沫若等著名学者主张的石鼓为秦刻石得到确立

全文：石鼓文自唐初出世以来迄今将近1400年。在这期间，因为石鼓文的残泐导致关于石鼓文的归属、时代及内容的争论也从来没有停止过。即使到了民国时期的马衡、罗振玉、郭沫若等著名学者主张的石鼓为秦刻石得到确立