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20世纪20年代甘肃灾荒救济
作者: 付春锋   来源: 兰州大学 年份: 2006 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 政府   救济   甘肃   灾荒   民间力量  
描述: 民国时期甘肃灾荒频发,特别是20年代最为严重,造成了庞大的灾民群体,甚至导致社会秩序失调。由于20年代前期甘肃政治局势混乱,以至于作为灾荒救济主体的政府没有发挥其应有的作用,而来自民间的救济成为主要力量,在一定程度上缓解了灾民的苦难。国民军入甘后,对地方控制力逐步增强,加大了对灾荒救济的力度;同时,
全文:民国时期甘肃灾荒频发,特别是20年代最为严重,造成了庞大的灾民群体,甚至导致社会秩序失调。由于20年代前期甘肃政治局势混乱,以至于作为灾荒救济主体的政府没有发挥其应有的作用,而来自民间的救济成为
唐代西北地区政治地理格局变动研究
作者: 魏昀   来源: 陕西师范大学 年份: 2009 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 唐朝   疆域   羁縻府州   屯田   交通  
描述: th about three of culture and materials the country's territory changed a lot. The country's territory was in an extending period before and the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and once extended to the Central Asia area.At the same time, the Tang government founded the Ji-Mi-Fu-Zhou system in the Western Regions. The situation changed rapidly when the An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out. Then the central government mobilized the troops in the Western Regions to participating in putting down the Rebellion, so the border defence was weakened. Tu-bo took the chance to occupy a large amount of territory. Almost Long You Area was oppupied by Tu-bo later in Tang Dynasty. The thesis is divided into five chapters: political geography circumstance in northwest area in early Tang Dynasty,including the situation of physical geography and the nation regime; the political geography situation in the extending period of territory from Tai Zong to Gao Zong;the political geography situation in the stable period of territory from Wu-zhou era to An-Shi Armed Rebellion;the political geography situation in the shrinking period of territory after An-Shi Armed Rebellion;relationship between the change of political geography situation and economy and traffic. Conclusion: From A.D. 7th to 9th century,Asia-Erope Continent was a place where Tang, Da-shi and Tu-bo contended for political space. The country's power of politics, economy and military strengthened before An-Shi Armed Rebellion, and part of the Central Asia area belonged to Tang government. The territory reached to an unparalleled scale at that time, which can be divided into three parts: the capital area where Chang-an and Luoyang were located in was the empire's center of politics, culture and military; the Zheng-zhou that around the captals was where the finance of central government stemmed from; the Ji-mi-fu-zhou system Tang government founded in the frontier area was the military buffer zone with nation regimes in vicnity. At the same time, Tu-bo appeared in the stage of history in A.D 7th century. After the King Song-zan-gan-bu unified the Tibet plateau, Tu-bo's power strengthed rapidly and harassed Tang's frontiers inceasingly. The Tang government put the defense police actively into effect so as to resist Tu-bo's aggression and defend country's benefit in Long-you area. When An-Shi Armed Rebellion broke out, Tu-bo took the chance to occupy vast territory of Tang Dynasty, like Minzhou, Lanzhou, Kuozhou, Guazhou, and so on. Eventually, almost all Long-you areas belonging to Tang Dynasty was occupid by Tu-bo. In the field of geopolitics, the national power strengthened in the earlier stage of Tang Dynasty and stronger than Tu-bo. Tu-bo didn't have the strength contending with Tang Dynasty, even harassed the frontier once a while. Until the An-Shi Armed Rebellion, the Tang government had no more advantage and the national power was weakened.
全文:曾一度到达今天的中亚地区,并在那里建立了羁縻府州体系,国家疆域的范围达到了空前规模。随着安史之乱的爆发,形势急转,中央政府抽调边兵前往内地参与平叛。吐蕃势力趁唐朝西北边备空虚之际,不断蚕食土。军虽然
唐代前期河西州县城城防研究
作者: 张向红   来源: 西北师范大学 年份: 2010 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 河西州县城   唐代前期   城防  
描述: ch as the important town of the Silk Road, multi-ethnic coexistence and the border district administrative center. In order to ensure normal exchange between the East and the West, frequent contact among ethnicities, and effective administration in He-xi area, it was extremely essential to establish city defense. Therefore, the Tang government built the city defense system that was mainly military defense and based on social balance. Mainly included the screen protective system of Army, Shouzhuo, City, Town, Shu, etc., which had some focal point and very wide and located out of the cities; Three layers external protective system that was composed of a deep ditch to round every city, sheep and horses cities, city wall; Multiple structure system such Luo city(outer city), Zi city(inner city), fang(residential area), Shi(markets), and so on; Garrison inside cities and out of locality system; Feng, Yi and other information systems; General's office person of ability system; Warehouse reserve and social balance system. Because of the important geographical position strategic and the special social security problem, the He-xi Prefecture and county city defense had formed Trinity characteristic with the national defense and the security defense. The city defense soldiers had a hand in Tuntian to bring about He-xi area’s agricultural advance; A large number of people of city defense formed the consumer market, had promoted the prosperity of the commerce; The city defense ensured traffic and military assistance, made He-xi Prefecture and county cities become the rear base to administer Central Asia. However, the city defense had its limitation, such as impotent military might at times (it offered an opportunity of Tibetan expanded in north-west area), because of the condition between the country and the locality. It, to a certain extent, had influenced on the valid function of city defense.
全文:唐代前期,在西北地区特殊的社会环境下,河西州县城体现出丝路重镇、多民族共处地、边地行政中心等诸多特征。为保证东西方正常交流、多民族之间的频繁交往以及在河西地区的有效统治,城防之设极为必要。因此,
汉代农业生产管理研究
作者: 黄富成   来源: 南京农业大学 年份: 2007 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 农耕文明   小农经济   农业技术   汉代   农业生产   政府管理  
描述: 农业是自然再生产和社会再生产的统一,是社会经济的基础,是整个古代世界具有决定性的生产部门。两汉时期,为巩固集权统治地位,政府加强了对社会经济干预的程度,农业生产和发展的各种资源性要素,如土地配置
全文:农业是自然再生产和社会再生产的统一,是社会经济的基础,是整个古代世界具有决定性的生产部门。两汉时期,为巩固集权统治地位,政府加强了对社会经济干预的程度,农业生产和发展的各种资源性要素,如土地配置
秦石鼓文与渔猎文化研究
作者: 李向阳   来源: 陕西师范大学 年份: 2007 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 石鼓文   渔猎研究    
描述: 石鼓文自初出世以来迄今将近1400年。在这期间,因为石鼓文的残泐导致关于石鼓文的归属、时代及内容的争论也从来没有停止过。即使到了民国时期的马衡、罗振玉、郭沫若等著名学者主张的石鼓为秦刻石得到确立
全文:石鼓文自初出世以来迄今将近1400年。在这期间,因为石鼓文的残泐导致关于石鼓文的归属、时代及内容的争论也从来没有停止过。即使到了民国时期的马衡、罗振玉、郭沫若等著名学者主张的石鼓为秦刻石得到确立
清末直隶协赈考察
作者: 杨虹   来源: 河北师范大学 年份: 2011 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 甘肃旱灾   协赈   江南北水灾  
描述: 荒政,是政府为救济灾荒而颁行的法令、制度和政策措施的总和。封建时代的荒政体系发展到清代已经达到顶峰。20世纪初,清王朝统治愈行衰败,政府主导的荒政体系即主要是官赈已名存实亡。在此背景下,省际之间的协
全文:荒政,是政府为救济灾荒而颁行的法令、制度和政策措施的总和。封建时代的荒政体系发展到清代已经达到顶峰。20世纪初,清王朝统治愈行衰败,政府主导的荒政体系即主要是官赈已名存实亡。在此背景下,省际之间的协
清末农业新政研究
作者: 苑朋欣   来源: 河北师范大学 年份: 2007 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 新政   农业   地方政府   清政府   清末  
描述: 在中国农业发展史上,清末新政时期是一个非常重要的历史阶段。其间,清政府制定和颁布了一系列改良和发展农业的新政策、新措施,各级地方政府对中央的这些政策和措施一般也能比较认真地贯彻实施,中国传统农业出现了一些明显的发展和变化。这自然会促进中国传统农业向现代农业的转化,推动中国农业现代化的进程。既反映了中
全文:在中国农业发展史上,清末新政时期是一个非常重要的历史阶段。其间,清政府制定和颁布了一系列改良和发展农业的新政策、新措施,各级地方政府对中央的这些政策和措施一般也能比较认真地贯彻实施,中国传统农业出现
庆阳市全膜双垄沟播玉米田杂草种类及优势种群
作者: 秦一统   李敏权   胡冠芳   胡景平   付金元   来源: 杂草科学 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 庆阳市   优势种群   双垄沟播   玉米田杂草   全膜  
描述: (93.75%、62.50%)>反枝苋(83.13%、31.33%)>打碗花(73.75%、28.99%)>藜(70.00%、28.11%)>马齿苋(55.00%、26.02%)>止血马(53.75
北宋屯田刍论
作者: 左超能   来源: 河池师专学报(社会科学版) 年份: 2016 文献类型 : 期刊 关键词: 厢军   提点   太平兴国   真宗   赵宋   田制不立   厢兵   镇戍军   何承矩   元丰二年  
描述: 史学界凡研究中国古代封建屯田制度,多言刘汉、曹魏、李和朱明清朝,绝少注意赵宋时期。本文就北来前期的电田,从其产生的原因。状况、制度、性质及后果作出了初步的探讨,这对我们全面地认识或评价中国封建社会的屯田制度,是非常有意义的。
建国初期甘肃自然灾害及救助研究(1949-1957)
作者: 郭峰   来源: 西北师范大学 年份: 2011 文献类型 : 学位论文 关键词: 救助   自然灾害   甘肃  
描述: 中华人民共和国成立以后,甘肃省各种自然灾害不断发生。尤其在建国初期,灾情仍很严重。但是,在优越的社会主义制度下,全省各级政府领导人民群众与自然灾害作斗争,最终使灾害给人民造成的损失相对逐步减轻,灾民的基本生活得到保障,农业生产得到恢复与发展。基本上结束了旧社会“有灾必有荒”的历史。 本文第一部分对建
全文:中华人民共和国成立以后,甘肃省各种自然灾害不断发生。尤其在建国初期,灾情仍很严重。但是,在优越的社会主义制度下,全省各级政府领导人民群众与自然灾害作斗争,最终使灾害给人民造成的损失相对逐步减轻,灾民
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